Molecular sulfur: the active form

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The standard

The pH-related efficacy measures the protection of a wine by the molecular fraction, not by the total amount added.

Criteria

Protection is measured by the molecular fraction, not by the total dose
The pH determines which fraction is present in active form
Equal amounts yield less effect at higher pH
The target is the effect, not the dose

Distinction

Molecular sulfur ≠ free sulfur: free sulfur also includes dissolved, inactive forms, molecular sulfur only the active fraction. Molecular sulfur ≠ total sulfur: total sulfur also includes the bound forms, which do not protect. The pH-related efficacy separates amount and effect.