Buffer capacity: resistance, not acid level

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The standard

A titrated buffer capacity states how much of a substance is needed to change the pH by a defined amount. The pH value alone says nothing about it.

Criteria

It is referred to a defined pH change
It distinguishes free and bound acid
It is measured, not inferred from the pH value
It holds for a given system of acids and salts

Distinction

Buffer capacity ≠ pH value: the pH value is a state, a titrated buffer capacity is its mobility. Buffer capacity ≠ total acidity: two wines of equal total acidity buffer to a different degree.